I see a lot of poke check attempts in the thread from angles that don't work very well in this game.
There are three main points to consider: timing, angle, and momentum.
If your poke check comes from where they are skating to with the puck, that's when it's at its most effective. You need to make contact with the puck dead on and opposite its momentum (so in front of the puck from where it is going). There's a slight margin for error so as long as you adhere to this principle, you'll be much more successful with your pokes overall. So, the way to do this is to make sure you have your player in the direction the opponent is skating to and make your poke check from that position.
Furthermore, when the opponent is hustling at you, I would not recommend going for a poke check because as already established in the thread, a player hustling with the puck is apt to regain it even when you manage to disrupt their possession initially. In that case it's usually better to just skate with them into your own zone, stay in front and try to get your body between the puck and their player. In these scenarios if you do go for a poke check, you will still usually dislodge the puck if you connect almost exactly from where the puck is going, but if you miss or you make contact at a somewhat weaker angle, they'll retain possession and blow past you so it's very risky.
Another thing: I saw people voicing issues with the poke getting auto aimed away from the puck. Here's the thing though, the autoaim is ALWAYS toward the puck. But this means it's aimed toward the puck at the moment of you pressing R1/RB, so you have to take that into account. If while poke checking you change your player's orientation, the opponent moves his stick, or the player is moving laterally relative to your poke and your timing is ever so slightly off, the autoaim gets disrupted because your poke check goes where the puck was relative to your player when you pressed R1, instead of where the puck is when you want the poke check to connect. This is also why it's a good idea to poke from where the puck is going: as long as you don't mess with your player's orientation, the puck will come towards your stick which makes timing a lot easier. Also, there are some angles from which your stick will not go toward the puck just because it'll be impossible for your player to bring the stick in that direction due to his orientation and the angle to the puck.
I understand the frustration between the offensive and defensive mechanics, but really it's all about working with what we're given and finding the things that do work with a decent level of consistency.