I ran temperature monitor, and it seems heat levels are same for both bf1 and bf4, however 4 doesn't lag and 1 does. So, heat doesn't appear to be a problem.
Regarding nvidia settings - I tried to set bf1 to maximum performance, but it had no effect. In fact, fps drops are the same whether I use nvidia or integrated GPU, so it doesn't appear to be a GPU problem either.
Honestly, I am completely lost. I've probably tried everything - creating task to refresh windows cache, unparking and parking cores, tweaking power options, even using different versions of nvidia drivers, yet none of those manipulations gave any improvements whatsoever. Alt-tab briefly boosting fps makes the issue even more ununderstandable. Could it be that this problem is completely impossible to fix?