I thought I'd share my problem and solution, just in case it happens to help anyone else.
My setup:
Xbox One
USA (San Francisco bay area)
Comcast (20mb down, 5mb up)
Linksys E3000 (running latest Tomato Toastman open source firmware)
US West
Errors: stuck at ship screen, constant "retrying server"...lots and lots and lots of connectivity issues.
I've played countless Xbox 360, Xbox One, PS3, PS4 and PC games (I know, I have a problem) on both wired and wireless connections with this EXACT same setup. I've never once had an issue of any kind, it's all worked flawlessly for many years. For example, BF4 (another EA published product) works just fine (at least as far as networking/connectivity issues go) on my Xbox One.
I played and enjoyed the Titanfall Beta on my Xbox One with absolutely no problems. As soon as I installed the full release version, it was immediately unplayable. It would take forever to rarely load into a game...and then it would usually timeout, or "retry" forever...often locking the game up and I'd have to manually quit the game from the dashboard.
After reading this thread and elsewhere, it became fairly clear to me that it had to be a network issue. After forwarding ports, changing DNS servers, etc. (with nothing helping), I finally decided to plug the Xbox directly into my cable modem. Of course, it immediately started working without issue (just like the beta had). That certainly implies the router is part of the problem, so I tried putting the Xbox on the DMZ of the router...that was also no help (which doesn't make much sense). Then finally...after trying many other things...I decided to try simply turning off QOS (Quality of Service) on the router...and suddenly everything is working perfectly!
While I can't be certain, it seems like one of the following things are causing many routers/internet connetions to misbehave. Maybe something with incorrect NAT/UPnP handling? Malformed packets?
Who knows...hopefully someone is getting to the bottom of this. As a consumer, it certainly feels like a bunch of finger pointing going on between EA/Microsoft/Respawn...which is intensely frustrating. It seems obvious that there is a software bug here...it's just a question of who is responsible and when they'll get a fix out.
tl;dr
If you're having issues, try connecting your PC or console directly to your internet connection (skipping a router or access point) if possible.
If that fixes it, you might be able to work around the issue by changing some setting in your router. For me, that was simply disabling QoS.
