The game became completely distorted and unplayable

You haven't said what this is related to.  It doesn't sound as though it's always been that way.  What are the system specifications, and what change preceded this development? 

I'm playing this game from its launch. Everything was fine before last week. As I remember the only change was made to my system is that I've subscribed to Adobe Photographer so installed Creative Cloud, Photoshop and other Adobe software. I have no any pirate software, by the way.

Check for any active software overlay functions.  Those can play hob with many games.  If you don't see anything familiar in the Task Manager, follow the Microsoft Clean Boot tutorial to close anything that isn't part of Windows to see what happens, then add back one item at a time while repeating tests of game playing. 

Seems pretty clean system startup

IMO, you can play the game if you disable ALL of that Adobe Cloud stuff while gaming, try that, see if I'm not right. 

Already tried and the issue is the same. Trying reinstall windows... last chance.

Finally resetting Win10 (reinstall) solved the problem. But I have not installed Adobe CC yet.

I would still suggest leaving those functions disabled during game playing sessions.