I've had deaths by fire with starter sims that didn't have cooking skill (or very little) and used the cheapest stove.
Death by emotion is generally easy to see coming since you really have to push a lot of factors to get them to such a high emotional state. I think I got a death by laughter once or twice when sims were telling jokes for a long time in an funny environment and already very happy sims. The one death by anger I had had to be forced since it required so many moodlets, so I was doing every different instance of mean and aggravating interaction I could find, in very quick succession. I haven't had any really random deaths.
The few electrocutions I have seen when insisting on having a low handiness sim repair electronics have only got them singed, and I think they would be more likely to die if they kept working with electricity while singed.
Oh, I've also had elders die by exhaustion, including once right after woohoo, I think (he might have been working out right before). Oops! It's the only "unexpected" death I got. I didn't know that could happen at the time.
In general, if you're somewhat careful, deaths don't really happen. The truly random ones seem very rare.