79qbipmzjuch It sounds like you've established that the problem is very much your mods. The fact that the game works without them is definitive. Just because the mods and cc are "new" doesn't mean they're fully compatible with the current patch. Please see this post for a list of mods and cc currently known to break CAS:
https://answers.ea.com/t5/Mods-CC-Issues/CAS-infinite-loading-screen-after-23-07-update/m-p/13898929#M64494
For anything not on that list, you'll need to test it yourself. The 50/50 method can make the process a lot more efficient.
https://modthesims.info/wiki.php?title=Game_Help:Finding_Problem_Custom_Content#The_50.25_Method