There's a fix from a Steam user that involves installing certificates for the AntiCheat application and dll that can be found here: https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=2922624101
This is what worked for me, but I also did a complete uninstall of the game, renamed the FIFA 23 folder it left behind to FIFA23.old, then downloaded the game and reinstalled it from scratch. I'm not sure whether that part is necessary, but I figured it couldn't hurt at this point.
Hopefully that works for you too. First time in 25 years of PC gaming and a 10+ year career in IT that I ever saw an issue that was caused or solved by certificates like this, and I've seen my fair share of weird computer problems.
It's still unacceptable at how many times EA's updates have stopped me from playing this game, and the obscene amount of time I've spent searching for and trying various solutions to get around the obstacles they keep throwing at me, none of which have been the "official" fixes suggested by EA themselves.
I've got a Steam library of over 320 games, only two of them won't launch, and they're both EA. Needless to say, this is the straw that broke the camel's back. I won't be purchasing an EA game again. I should have heeded my friend's warnings when they gave up on this company years ago.