FC definitely isn't the most optimized game so yeah, on a poorly maintained console it can stress a problem that is already present.
The important thing to know is that no game can run in a way that by nature spikes a GPU or CPU to the point it overheats due to how console operating systems work. If a console is overheating it's due to poor maintainence meaning those limits are lowered. A game won't naturally do that but on a badly maintained console where the bar is lowered, then it can.
It's like asking a guy with a broken leg to run a marathon and then blaming the marathon for him ending up in hospital. So FC can reveal the problem but isn't causing it unto itself.
- keep it well ventilated
- dont buy second hand
- clean dust out
- dont have it next to a window in direct sunlight
- once it overheats once you've likely permanently damaged it already