You said the game shows as installed but stuck on finalizing? Are you sure there is no SimCityUserData folder? It would be in the Program Files folder, not in My Documents
Default location is C:\Program Files (x86)\Origin Games\SimCity\SimCityUserData\Patches\UpdatedApp
Copy to C:\Program Files (x86)\Origin Games\SimCity
When SimCity won't launch, or launches and hangs, it's almost always something blocking the program from running. Try the steps below to see if you can identify the problem:
Always run installation files "As Administrator"
Firewall and Antivirus - Make sure SimCity.exe and Origin.exe are added to exception lists. If you have BitDefender installed, disable it.
Graphics drivers and OS are patched and updated to newest versions. It looks like you've had an error with Windows update before, make sure the newest patches are applied
SimCity.exe and Origin.exe - Set them to run "as administrator"
Nahimic 2 or 3 from MSI - this is an audio management program that comes with MSI motherboards. Disable or uninstall it. Nahimic is known to cause this issue.
Disable Origin in-game In Origin main menu, right-click SimCity icon, Game Properties, check the box that says "Disable Origin In-game"
Run in Windows 7 or 8 compatibility mode - right-click SimCity shortcut; choose Properties > Compatibility tab > Check the box to run in Win 7 or 8 compatibility mode
Turn off Controlled Folder Access -
https://www.tenforums.com/tutorials/113380-enable-disable-controlled-folder-access-windows-10-a.html
If none of these work, try a Clean Boot https://help.ea.com/en/help/faq/how-to-clean-boot-your-pc/ and attempt to launch SimCity. If it launches, you'll have some detective work to do. Enable one startup program at a time, reboot, try SimCity, until you find the program that is blocking it. Once you find the offending program, disable or uninstall it. You should be able to launch SimCity successfully without doing the clean boot after disabling the offending program.
Definitely post back and let us know whether something worked. If it still won't run, reply back with any additional information, if there are any error messages, etc.
I'm sorry, I'm away from my computer for the rest of the day, it may be tomorrow before I get a chance to review the dxdiag properly. I will let you know as soon as I can if I see anything else.