If my math is correct you fall just short of 600 in a 24 hour period.
Assume you use all your energy just before your reset time, so you are looking at a full 24 hour period starting at zero energy for both cantina and normal energy. Ship and mod energy are ignored since they do not count towards the 600.
Normal energy: 1 point every 5 minutes or 12/hour for 288 in a 24 hour period (need to spend it after 12 hours since max storage without refreshes is 144)
Cantina energy: 1 point every 12 minutes of 5/hour for 120 in a 24 hour period
Bonus energy: 3 normal energy and 1 cantina energy bonus per 24 hour period. Each bonus is 45 energy for a total of 180 in a 24 hour period
288 + 120 + 180 = 588 so you are 12 energy short for the 600
However, unless you align your guild reset time and your personal reset time to be the same, you will fall a lot shorter your first day in the guild if you don't use refreshes. So if you choose an arbitrary "day 1" where you know you are not going to hit the 500 or 600 mark, you can carry over some energy from your "day 1" and thus hit 600 energy every day without a refresh as long as you don't allow your energy to max out to the 144/144 point. Essentially just use up enough energy before going to bed so your don't hit the max while sleeping. So if you come into the guild reset time with at least 12 energy, you can hit 600 for a 24 hour period if you get all four of your 45 energy bonuses.
