@idacombley Is this a new save you're playing, and if so, does it have a pet in it? Do you still have the Pets expansion installed? Your third screenshot looks like Bridgeport, not Moonlight Falls as before.
The reason I ask is because some people just can't get the game to run properly with Pets installed no matter what else they do. It's unfortunate, and we can always hope that EA addresses the problems, but until and unless that happens, there might not be a good solution.
I'm not sure I mentioned it specifically to you, but one other cause of the graphics glitch in your second screenshot is changing the graphics settings while you have a save loaded, or changing them at the Main Menu and then loading a save. The usual fix is deleting options.ini from Documents > Electronic Arts > The Sims 3, which will force the game to create a new one with default settings.
If you haven't tried it already (there are so many crashing posts, it's hard to keep them straight), you can try playing a new save in a clean user folder, just for comparison. Move the entire Sims 3 folder out of Documents > Electronic Arts and let the game spawn a new one, don't add any content to it, and see how things go. It's best to play in Sunset Valley or Twinbrook, the most stable EA-made worlds, to establish a baseline for performance, then go from there.
Finally, please make sure your laptop can cool itself properly while you play. Elevate the laptop to let air circulate underneath, use a laptop tray, or use a cooling pad or fan. Overheating leads to thermal throttling, which can and will make any performance issues worse.