About the logic issues of anti-cheating

I am thinking about a question: does the anti-cheat system detect and ban immediately on the spot, or does it first observe when a cheat is detected and then ban after some time? If it’s the latter, the observation period could span several hours or even days. This makes it difficult for some players who are wrongly banned to understand the timing of their ban, and therefore to realize the real reason for being banned. But perhaps EA never intended to actually tell us. So I seek your help here: could players and community managers provide a simple explanation? Thank you for your consideration and time, and I look forward to your responses.