1x95tgzma0ql You don't need the Alder Lake patch since you don't have an affected CPU (and the EA App version of the game was patched to fix this issue anyway). So please repair the game (EA App > Sims 3 > Manage > Repair) to undo the effects of the patch. This will also revert any other changes you've made to the game's program files, including getting your graphics card recognized. That's fine, actually better for testing, but if you do have edited files you'd like to use again later, save them first; just don't add them back until the game is working properly.
The two Sims 3 errors in your dxdiag are somewhat generic: they could be caused by anything from mods or custom content to a bad graphics driver. So some experimenting may be necessary here. First, please try playing with yoru computer offline. You can sign into the EA App and put it in offline mode, then disable wifi and/or disconnect the ethernet cable before pressing Play. After you go offline but before you try to play, please delete the new Sims 3 folder in Documents > Electronic Arts, since it won't contain any of your data (that would be in the original folder you moved).
If this doesn't help, try forcing the game to launch in windowed mode. Open Options.ini, in Documents > Electronic Arts > The Sims 3, search for fullscreen , and set it to 0 (zero).
If this doesn't help either, please describe what happens when you press Play, even if it's nothing at all. Please also let me know whether your Documents directory is inside the OneDrive folder. Right-click the Documents icon (the special one, not just another folder icon) in a File Explorer window and select Properties > General, then look at the Location.